//     Underscore.js 1.1.7
//     (c) 2011 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
//     Underscore is freely distributable under the MIT license.
//     Portions of Underscore are inspired or borrowed from Prototype,
//     Oliver Steele's Functional, and John Resig's Micro-Templating.
//     For all details and documentation:
//     http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore
 
(function() {
 
  // Baseline setup
  // --------------
 
  // Establish the root object, `window` in the browser, or `global` on the server.
  var root = this;
 
  // Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
  var previousUnderscore = root._;
 
  // Establish the object that gets returned to break out of a loop iteration.
  var breaker = {};
 
  // Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
  var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype, FuncProto = Function.prototype;
 
  // Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
  var slice            = ArrayProto.slice,
      unshift          = ArrayProto.unshift,
      toString         = ObjProto.toString,
      hasOwnProperty   = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;
 
  // All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
  // are declared here.
  var
    nativeForEach      = ArrayProto.forEach,
    nativeMap          = ArrayProto.map,
    nativeReduce       = ArrayProto.reduce,
    nativeReduceRight  = ArrayProto.reduceRight,
    nativeFilter       = ArrayProto.filter,
    nativeEvery        = ArrayProto.every,
    nativeSome         = ArrayProto.some,
    nativeIndexOf      = ArrayProto.indexOf,
    nativeLastIndexOf  = ArrayProto.lastIndexOf,
    nativeIsArray      = Array.isArray,
    nativeKeys         = Object.keys,
    nativeBind         = FuncProto.bind;
 
  // Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
  var _ = function(obj) { return new wrapper(obj); };
 
  // Export the Underscore object for **CommonJS**, with backwards-compatibility
  // for the old `require()` API. If we're not in CommonJS, add `_` to the
  // global object.
  if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
    module.exports = _;
    _._ = _;
  } else {
    // Exported as a string, for Closure Compiler "advanced" mode.
    root['_'] = _;
  }
 
  // Current version.
  _.VERSION = '1.1.7';
 
  // Collection Functions
  // --------------------
 
  // The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
  // Handles objects with the built-in `forEach`, arrays, and raw objects.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `forEach` if available.
  var each = _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    if (obj == null) return;
    if (nativeForEach && obj.forEach === nativeForEach) {
      obj.forEach(iterator, context);
    } else if (obj.length === +obj.length) {
      for (var i = 0, l = obj.length; i < l; i++) {
        if (i in obj && iterator.call(context, obj[i], i, obj) === breaker) return;
      }
    } else {
      for (var key in obj) {
        if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
          if (iterator.call(context, obj[key], key, obj) === breaker) return;
        }
      }
    }
  };
 
  // Return the results of applying the iterator to each element.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `map` if available.
  _.map = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    if (obj == null) return results;
    if (nativeMap && obj.map === nativeMap) return obj.map(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      results[results.length] = iterator.call(context, value, index, list);
    });
    return results;
  };
 
  // **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
  // or `foldl`. Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduce` if available.
  _.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
    var initial = memo !== void 0;
    if (obj == null) obj = [];
    if (nativeReduce && obj.reduce === nativeReduce) {
      if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
      return initial ? obj.reduce(iterator, memo) : obj.reduce(iterator);
    }
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (!initial) {
        memo = value;
        initial = true;
      } else {
        memo = iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, list);
      }
    });
    if (!initial) throw new TypeError("Reduce of empty array with no initial value");
    return memo;
  };
 
  // The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduceRight` if available.
  _.reduceRight = _.foldr = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
    if (obj == null) obj = [];
    if (nativeReduceRight && obj.reduceRight === nativeReduceRight) {
      if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
      return memo !== void 0 ? obj.reduceRight(iterator, memo) : obj.reduceRight(iterator);
    }
    var reversed = (_.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.toArray(obj)).reverse();
    return _.reduce(reversed, iterator, memo, context);
  };
 
  // Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
  _.find = _.detect = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var result;
    any(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) {
        result = value;
        return true;
      }
    });
    return result;
  };
 
  // Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `filter` if available.
  // Aliased as `select`.
  _.filter = _.select = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    if (obj == null) return results;
    if (nativeFilter && obj.filter === nativeFilter) return obj.filter(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) results[results.length] = value;
    });
    return results;
  };
 
  // Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
  _.reject = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    if (obj == null) return results;
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (!iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) results[results.length] = value;
    });
    return results;
  };
 
  // Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `every` if available.
  // Aliased as `all`.
  _.every = _.all = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var result = true;
    if (obj == null) return result;
    if (nativeEvery && obj.every === nativeEvery) return obj.every(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (!(result = result && iterator.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker;
    });
    return result;
  };
 
  // Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `some` if available.
  // Aliased as `any`.
  var any = _.some = _.any = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    iterator = iterator || _.identity;
    var result = false;
    if (obj == null) return result;
    if (nativeSome && obj.some === nativeSome) return obj.some(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (result |= iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) return breaker;
    });
    return !!result;
  };
 
  // Determine if a given value is included in the array or object using `===`.
  // Aliased as `contains`.
  _.include = _.contains = function(obj, target) {
    var found = false;
    if (obj == null) return found;
    if (nativeIndexOf && obj.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return obj.indexOf(target) != -1;
    any(obj, function(value) {
      if (found = value === target) return true;
    });
    return found;
  };
 
  // Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
  _.invoke = function(obj, method) {
    var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
    return _.map(obj, function(value) {
      return (method.call ? method || value : value[method]).apply(value, args);
    });
  };
 
  // Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
  _.pluck = function(obj, key) {
    return _.map(obj, function(value){ return value[key]; });
  };
 
  // Return the maximum element or (element-based computation).
  _.max = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj)) return Math.max.apply(Math, obj);
    var result = {computed : -Infinity};
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
      computed >= result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed});
    });
    return result.value;
  };
 
  // Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
  _.min = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj)) return Math.min.apply(Math, obj);
    var result = {computed : Infinity};
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
      computed < result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed});
    });
    return result.value;
  };
 
  // Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iterator.
  _.sortBy = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      return {
        value : value,
        criteria : iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
      };
    }).sort(function(left, right) {
      var a = left.criteria, b = right.criteria;
      return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
    }), 'value');
  };
 
  // Groups the object's values by a criterion produced by an iterator
  _.groupBy = function(obj, iterator) {
    var result = {};
    each(obj, function(value, index) {
      var key = iterator(value, index);
      (result[key] || (result[key] = [])).push(value);
    });
    return result;
  };
 
  // Use a comparator function to figure out at what index an object should
  // be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
  _.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iterator) {
    iterator || (iterator = _.identity);
    var low = 0, high = array.length;
    while (low < high) {
      var mid = (low + high) >> 1;
      iterator(array[mid]) < iterator(obj) ? low = mid + 1 : high = mid;
    }
    return low;
  };
 
  // Safely convert anything iterable into a real, live array.
  _.toArray = function(iterable) {
    if (!iterable)                return [];
    if (iterable.toArray)         return iterable.toArray();
    if (_.isArray(iterable))      return slice.call(iterable);
    if (_.isArguments(iterable))  return slice.call(iterable);
    return _.values(iterable);
  };
 
  // Return the number of elements in an object.
  _.size = function(obj) {
    return _.toArray(obj).length;
  };
 
  // Array Functions
  // ---------------
 
  // Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
  // values in the array. Aliased as `head`. The **guard** check allows it to work
  // with `_.map`.
  _.first = _.head = function(array, n, guard) {
    return (n != null) && !guard ? slice.call(array, 0, n) : array[0];
  };
 
  // Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail`.
  // Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **index** will return
  // the rest of the values in the array from that index onward. The **guard**
  // check allows it to work with `_.map`.
  _.rest = _.tail = function(array, index, guard) {
    return slice.call(array, (index == null) || guard ? 1 : index);
  };
 
  // Get the last element of an array.
  _.last = function(array) {
    return array[array.length - 1];
  };
 
  // Trim out all falsy values from an array.
  _.compact = function(array) {
    return _.filter(array, function(value){ return !!value; });
  };
 
  // Return a completely flattened version of an array.
  _.flatten = function(array) {
    return _.reduce(array, function(memo, value) {
      if (_.isArray(value)) return memo.concat(_.flatten(value));
      memo[memo.length] = value;
      return memo;
    }, []);
  };
 
  // Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
  _.without = function(array) {
    return _.difference(array, slice.call(arguments, 1))