--- a/include/db/trip-dao.inc.php
+++ b/include/db/trip-dao.inc.php
@@ -1,186 +1,288 @@
 <?php
-function getTrip($tripID)
-{
-	global $conn;
-	$query = "Select * from trips
+
+/*
+ *    Copyright 2010,2011 Alexander Sadleir 
+
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+function getTrip($tripID) {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = "Select * from trips
 	join routes on trips.route_id = routes.route_id
-	where trip_id = '$tripID'
+	where trip_id =	:tripID
 	LIMIT 1";
-	debug($query, "database");
-	$result = pg_query($conn, $query);
-	if (!$result) {
-		databaseError(pg_result_error($result));
-		return Array();
-	}
-	return pg_fetch_assoc($result);
-}
-function getTripShape()
-{
-	/* def handle_json_GET_tripstopTimes(self, params):
-	   schedule = self.server.schedule
-	   try:
-	     trip = schedule.GetTrip(params.get('trip'))
-	   except KeyError:
-	      # if a non-existent trip is searched for, the return nothing
-	     return
-	   time_stops = trip.GetTimeInterpolatedStops()
-	   stops = []
-	   times = []
-	   for arr,ts,is_timingpoint in time_stops:
-	     stops.append(StopToTuple(ts.stop))
-	     times.append(arr)
-	   return [stops, times]
-	
-	 def handle_json_GET_tripshape(self, params):
-	   schedule = self.server.schedule
-	   try:
-	     trip = schedule.GetTrip(params.get('trip'))
-	   except KeyError:
-	      # if a non-existent trip is searched for, the return nothing
-	     return
-	   points = []
-	   if trip.shape_id:
-	     shape = schedule.GetShape(trip.shape_id)
-	     for (lat, lon, dist) in shape.points:
-	       points.append((lat, lon))
-	   else:
-	     time_stops = trip.GetTimeStops()
-	     for arr,dep,stop in time_stops:
-	       points.append((stop.stop_lat, stop.stop_lon))
-	   return points*/
-}
-function getTimeInterpolatedTrip($tripID, $range = "")
-{
-	global $conn;
-	$query = "SELECT stop_times.trip_id,arrival_time,stop_times.stop_id,stop_lat,stop_lon,stop_name,stop_code,
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    return $query->fetch(PDO :: FETCH_ASSOC);
+}
+
+function getTripShape($tripID) {
+    // todo, use shapes table if shape_id specified
+    global $conn;
+    $query = "SELECT ST_AsKML(ST_MakeLine(geometry(a.position))) as the_route
+FROM (SELECT position,
+	stop_sequence, trips.trip_id
+FROM stop_times
+join trips on trips.trip_id = stop_times.trip_id
+join stops on stops.stop_id = stop_times.stop_id
+WHERE trips.trip_id = :tripID ORDER BY stop_sequence) as a group by a.trip_id";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    return $query->fetchColumn(0);
+}
+function getTripStopTimes($tripID) {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = "SELECT stop_times.trip_id,arrival_time,stop_times.stop_id,stop_lat,stop_lon,stop_name,stop_code,
 	stop_sequence,service_id,trips.route_id,route_short_name,route_long_name
 FROM stop_times
 join trips on trips.trip_id = stop_times.trip_id
 join routes on trips.route_id = routes.route_id
 join stops on stops.stop_id = stop_times.stop_id
-WHERE trips.trip_id = '$tripID' $range ORDER BY stop_sequence";
-	debug($query, "database");
-	$result = pg_query($conn, $query);
-	if (!$result) {
-		databaseError(pg_result_error($result));
-		return Array();
-	}
-	$stopTimes = pg_fetch_all($result);
-	$cur_timepoint = Array();
-	$next_timepoint = Array();
-	$distance_between_timepoints = 0.0;
-	$distance_traveled_between_timepoints = 0.0;
-	$rv = Array();
-	foreach ($stopTimes as $i => $stopTime) {
-		if ($stopTime['arrival_time'] != "") {
-		    // is timepoint
-			$cur_timepoint = $stopTime;
-			$distance_between_timepoints = 0.0;
-			$distance_traveled_between_timepoints = 0.0;
-			if ($i + 1 < sizeof($stopTimes)) {
-				$k = $i + 1;
-				$distance_between_timepoints += distance($stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lon"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lon"]);
-				while ($stopTimes[$k]["arrival_time"] == "" && $k + 1 < sizeof($stopTimes)) {
-					$k += 1;
-					//echo "k".$k;
-					$distance_between_timepoints += distance($stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lon"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lon"]);
-				}
-				$next_timepoint = $stopTimes[$k];
-				$rv[] = $stopTime;
-			}
-		}
-		else {
-		    // is untimed point
-		    //echo "i".$i;
-			$distance_traveled_between_timepoints += distance($stopTimes[$i - 1]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$i - 1]["stop_lon"], $stopTimes[$i]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$i]["stop_lon"]);
-			//echo "$distance_traveled_between_timepoints / $distance_between_timepoints<br>";
-			$distance_percent = $distance_traveled_between_timepoints / $distance_between_timepoints;
-			if ($next_timepoint["arrival_time"] != "") {
-			$total_time = strtotime($next_timepoint["arrival_time"]) - strtotime($cur_timepoint["arrival_time"]);
-			//echo strtotime($next_timepoint["arrival_time"])." - ".strtotime($cur_timepoint["arrival_time"])."<br>";
-			$time_estimate = ($distance_percent * $total_time) + strtotime($cur_timepoint["arrival_time"]);
-			$stopTime["arrival_time"] = date("H:i:s", $time_estimate);
-			} else {
-			    $stopTime["arrival_time"] = $cur_timepoint["arrival_time"];
-			}
-			$rv[] = $stopTime;
-			//var_dump($rv);
-		}
-	}
-	return $rv;
-}
-function getTimeInterpolatedTripAtStop($tripID, $stop_sequence)
-{
+WHERE trips.trip_id = :tripID $range ORDER BY stop_sequence";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    $stopTimes = $query->fetchAll();
+     return $stopTimes;
+
+}
+function getTripAtStop($tripID, $stop_sequence) {
+    global $conn;
+     foreach (getTripStopTimes($tripID) as $tripStop) {
+        if ($tripStop['stop_sequence'] == $stop_sequence)
+            return $tripStop;
+    }
+    return Array();
+}
+/* DEPRECIATED 
+function getTimeInterpolatedTrip($tripID, $range = "") {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = "SELECT stop_times.trip_id,arrival_time,stop_times.stop_id,stop_lat,stop_lon,stop_name,stop_code,
+	stop_sequence,service_id,trips.route_id,route_short_name,route_long_name
+FROM stop_times
+join trips on trips.trip_id = stop_times.trip_id
+join routes on trips.route_id = routes.route_id
+join stops on stops.stop_id = stop_times.stop_id
+WHERE trips.trip_id = :tripID $range ORDER BY stop_sequence";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    $stopTimes = $query->fetchAll();
+    $cur_timepoint = Array();
+    $next_timepoint = Array();
+    $distance_between_timepoints = 0.0;
+    $distance_traveled_between_timepoints = 0.0;
+    $rv = Array();
+    foreach ($stopTimes as $i => $stopTime) {
+        if ($stopTime['arrival_time'] != "") {
+            // is timepoint
+            $cur_timepoint = $stopTime;
+            $distance_between_timepoints = 0.0;
+            $distance_traveled_between_timepoints = 0.0;
+            if ($i + 1 < sizeof($stopTimes)) {
+                $k = $i + 1;
+                $distance_between_timepoints += distance($stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lon"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lon"]);
+                while ($stopTimes[$k]["arrival_time"] == "" && $k + 1 < sizeof($stopTimes)) {
+                    $k += 1;
+                    // echo "k".$k;
+                    $distance_between_timepoints += distance($stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k - 1]["stop_lon"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$k]["stop_lon"]);
+                }
+                $next_timepoint = $stopTimes[$k];
+            }
+            $rv[] = $stopTime;
+        } else {
+            // is untimed point
+            // echo "i".$i;
+            $distance_traveled_between_timepoints += distance($stopTimes[$i - 1]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$i - 1]["stop_lon"], $stopTimes[$i]["stop_lat"], $stopTimes[$i]["stop_lon"]);
+            // echo "$distance_traveled_between_timepoints / $distance_between_timepoints<br>";
+            $distance_percent = $distance_traveled_between_timepoints / $distance_between_timepoints;
+            if ($next_timepoint["arrival_time"] != "") {
+                $total_time = strtotime($next_timepoint["arrival_time"]) - strtotime($cur_timepoint["arrival_time"]);
+                // echo strtotime($next_timepoint["arrival_time"])." - ".strtotime($cur_timepoint["arrival_time"])."<br>";
+                $time_estimate = ($distance_percent * $total_time) + strtotime($cur_timepoint["arrival_time"]);
+                $stopTime["arrival_time"] = date("H:i:s", $time_estimate);
+            } else {
+                $stopTime["arrival_time"] = $cur_timepoint["arrival_time"];
+            }
+            $rv[] = $stopTime;
+        }
+    }
+    // var_dump($rv);
+    return $rv;
+}
+
+function getTripPreviousTimePoint($tripID, $stop_sequence) {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = " SELECT trip_id,stop_id,
+	stop_sequence
+FROM stop_times
+WHERE trip_id = :tripID and stop_sequence < :stop_sequence
+and stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL ORDER BY stop_sequence DESC LIMIT 1";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->bindParam(":stop_sequence", $stop_sequence);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    return $query->fetch(PDO :: FETCH_ASSOC);
+}
+
+function getTripNextTimePoint($tripID, $stop_sequence) {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = " SELECT trip_id,stop_id,
+	stop_sequence
+FROM stop_times
+WHERE trip_id = :tripID and stop_sequence > :stop_sequence
+and stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL ORDER BY stop_sequence LIMIT 1";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->bindParam(":stop_sequence", $stop_sequence);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    return $query->fetch(PDO :: FETCH_ASSOC);
+}
+
+
+
+function getTimeInterpolatedTripAtStop($tripID, $stop_sequence) {
     global $conn;
     // limit interpolation to between nearest actual points.
-    $prevTimePoint = pg_fetch_assoc(pg_query($conn," SELECT trip_id,stop_id,
-	stop_sequence
-FROM stop_times
-WHERE trip_id = '$tripID' and stop_sequence < $stop_sequence and stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL ORDER BY stop_sequence DESC LIMIT 1"));
-    $nextTimePoint = pg_fetch_assoc(pg_query($conn," SELECT trip_id,stop_id,
-	stop_sequence
-FROM stop_times
-WHERE trip_id = '$tripID' and stop_sequence > $stop_sequence and stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL ORDER BY stop_sequence LIMIT 1"));
-    $range = "AND stop_sequence >= '{$prevTimePoint['stop_sequence']}' AND stop_sequence <= '{$nextTimePoint['stop_sequence']}'";
-    	foreach (getTimeInterpolatedTrip($tripID,$range) as $tripStop) {
-		if ($tripStop['stop_sequence'] == $stop_sequence) return $tripStop;
-	}
-	return Array();
-}
-function getTripStartTime($tripID)
-{
-    	global $conn;
-	$query = "Select * from stop_times
-	where trip_id = '$tripID'
+    $prevTimePoint = getTripPreviousTimePoint($tripID, $stop_sequence);
+    $nextTimePoint = getTripNextTimePoint($tripID, $stop_sequence);
+    // echo " prev {$lowestDelta['stop_sequence']} next {$nextTimePoint['stop_sequence']} ";
+    $range = "";
+    if ($prevTimePoint != "")
+        $range .= " AND stop_sequence >= '{$prevTimePoint['stop_sequence']}'";
+    if ($nextTimePoint != "")
+        $range .= " AND stop_sequence <= '{$nextTimePoint['stop_sequence']}'";
+    foreach (getTimeInterpolatedTrip($tripID, $range) as $tripStop) {
+        if ($tripStop['stop_sequence'] == $stop_sequence)
+            return $tripStop;
+    }
+    return Array();
+}*/
+
+function getTripStartTime($tripID) {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = "Select * from stop_times
+	where trip_id = :tripID
 	AND arrival_time IS NOT NULL
 	AND stop_sequence = '1'";
-	debug($query, "database");
-	$result = pg_query($conn, $query);
-	if (!$result) {
-		databaseError(pg_result_error($result));
-		return Array();
-	}
-	$r = pg_fetch_assoc($result);
-	return $r['arrival_time'];
-}
-function getActiveTrips($time)
-{
-    	global $conn;
-	if ($time == "") $time = current_time();
-	$query = "Select distinct stop_times.trip_id, start_times.arrival_time as start_time, end_times.arrival_time as end_time from stop_times, (SELECT trip_id,arrival_time from stop_times WHERE stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    $r = $query->fetch(PDO :: FETCH_ASSOC);
+    return $r['arrival_time'];
+}
+
+function getTripEndTime($tripID) {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = "SELECT trip_id,max(arrival_time) as arrival_time from stop_times
+	WHERE stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL and trip_id = :tripID group by trip_id";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    $r = $query->fetch(PDO :: FETCH_ASSOC);
+    return $r['arrival_time'];
+}
+
+function getActiveTrips($time) {
+    global $conn;
+    if ($time == "")
+        $time = current_time();
+    $query = "Select distinct stop_times.trip_id, start_times.arrival_time as start_time, end_times.arrival_time as end_time from stop_times, (SELECT trip_id,arrival_time from stop_times WHERE stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL
 AND stop_sequence = '1') as start_times, (SELECT trip_id,max(arrival_time) as arrival_time from stop_times WHERE stop_times.arrival_time IS NOT NULL group by trip_id) as end_times
-WHERE start_times.trip_id = end_times.trip_id AND stop_times.trip_id = end_times.trip_id AND $time > start_times.arrival_time  AND $time < end_times.arrival_time";
-	debug($query, "database");
-	$result = pg_query($conn, $query);
-	if (!$result) {
-		databaseError(pg_result_error($result));
-		return Array();
-	}
-	return pg_fetch_all($result);
-}
-
-function viaPoints($tripid, $stop_sequence = "")
-{
-	global $conn;
-	$query = "SELECT stops.stop_id, stop_name, arrival_time
+WHERE start_times.trip_id = end_times.trip_id AND stop_times.trip_id = end_times.trip_id AND :time > start_times.arrival_time  AND :time < end_times.arrival_time";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    $query->bindParam(":time", $time);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    return $query->fetchAll();
+}
+
+function viaPoints($tripID, $stop_sequence = "") {
+    global $conn;
+    $query = "SELECT stops.stop_id, stop_name, arrival_time
 FROM stop_times join stops on stops.stop_id = stop_times.stop_id
-WHERE stop_times.trip_id = '$tripid'
-".($stop_sequence != "" ? "AND stop_sequence > '$stop_sequence'" : "").
-"AND substr(stop_code,1,2) != 'Wj' ORDER BY stop_sequence";
-	debug($query, "database");
-	$result = pg_query($conn, $query);
-	if (!$result) {
-		databaseError(pg_result_error($result));
-		return Array();
-	}
-	return pg_fetch_all($result);
-}
-function viaPointNames($tripid, $stop_sequence = "")
-{
-	$viaPointNames = Array();
-	foreach(viaPoints($tripid, $stop_sequence) as $point) {
-		$viaPointNames[] = $point['stop_name'];
-	}
-	return r_implode(", ", $viaPointNames);
-}
+WHERE stop_times.trip_id = :tripID
+" . ($stop_sequence != "" ? " AND stop_sequence > :stop_sequence " : "") ." ORDER BY stop_sequence";
+    debug($query, "database");
+    $query = $conn->prepare($query);
+    if ($stop_sequence != "")
+        $query->bindParam(":stop_sequence", $stop_sequence);
+    $query->bindParam(":tripID", $tripID);
+    $query->execute();
+    if (!$query) {
+        databaseError($conn->errorInfo());
+        return Array();
+    }
+    return $query->fetchAll();
+}
+
+function viaPointNames($tripid, $stop_sequence = "") {
+    $viaPointNames = Array();
+    foreach (viaPoints($tripid, $stop_sequence) as $point) {
+        $viaPointNames[] = $point['stop_name'];
+    }
+    if (sizeof($viaPointNames) > 0) {
+        return r_implode(", ", $viaPointNames);
+    } else {
+        return "";
+    }
+}
+
 ?>