--- a/index.md +++ b/index.md @@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ # General References {#general-data-hacking-and-programming-references} -## Who can be a hack day participant -There are many roles you can play as a hack day participant; coder, designer UX/graphics. ## The basics of being a data scientist @@ -68,13 +66,9 @@ [](http://progit.org/book/) -[http://progit.org/book/](http://progit.org/book/) - -[http://svnbook.red-bean.com/](http://svnbook.red-bean.com/) - -[http://tortoisesvn.net/](http://tortoisesvn.net/) - -[http://code.google.com/p/tortoisegit/](http://code.google.com/p/tortoisegit/) +There are [tutorials on git](http://progit.org/book/) and [GUIs to help you](http://code.google.com/p/tortoisegit/) +There is also a [manual for Subversion](http://svnbook.red-bean.com/) and a [similar GUI for Subversion](http://tortoisesvn.net/) + ### Task Tracking @@ -144,19 +138,15 @@ You can find some data visualisation tools below: -[http://www.visualisingdata.com/index.php/2011/07/part-6-the-essential-collection-of-visualisation-resources/](http://www.visualisingdata.com/index.php/2011/07/part-6-the-essential-collection-of-visualisation-resources/) - +[Essential Colletion](http://www.visualisingdata.com/index.php/2011/07/part-6-the-essential-collection-of-visualisation-resources/) + [Drawing By Numbers Tools and Resources](http://drawingbynumbers.org/toolsandresources) + - http://selection.datavisualization.ch/ data viz tools catalog Also check out [http://thejit.org](http://thejit.org/) & [http://www.senchalabs.org/<wbr>philogl/</wbr>](http://www.senchalabs.org/philogl/) (contributed by Matt Adcock) -Have to use visual art concepts, good color schemes http://www.r-bloggers.com/the-paul-tol-21-color-salute/ - - - - https://graphics.stanford.edu/wikis/cs448b-12-fall/ data viz theory - - http://drawingbynumbers.org/toolsandresources - - http://selection.datavisualization.ch/ data viz tools catalog - -examples - http://sunfoundation.tumblr.com/ -### The Open Budget +A good infographic should use visual art concepts and [good color schemes](http://www.r-bloggers.com/the-paul-tol-21-color-salute/) +For more information on the theory of data visualisation check out the (Stanford CS448B notes)[https://graphics.stanford.edu/wikis/cs448b-12-fall/] + +Some examples of data visualisation can be seen on [the Sunlight Foundation tumblr](http://sunfoundation.tumblr.com/) or at the GovHack alumn [The Open Budget](http://www/.theopenbudget.org) ## Web Applications @@ -226,6 +216,8 @@ Check out the [GeoRabble Boundary Mapper's Cookbook](http://georabble.org/2012/05/31/the-boundary-mappers-cookbook/) to see how you can tie all these things together! + + ## Key datasets base layers like agri http://agri.openstreetmap.org/, http://irs.gis-lab.info/ wms or http://www.gdal.org/frmt_wms_openstreetmap_tms.xml @@ -235,16 +227,13 @@ ## Wrangling ### Converting -There are many spatial data formats and often the one your tool requires is not the one the dataset is provided in -Online - - http://converter.mygeodata.eu/vector kml exporter for shp -or locally using GDAL (better for many megabyte datasets) +There are many spatial data formats and often the one your tool requires is not the one the dataset is provided in. +You can convert spatial datasets online with http://converter.mygeodata.eu/vector or locally using GDAL (which better for >10 megabyte datasets) ### Geocoding -cloudmade, google (but you must display on a Google Map). - -Easiest way to do is with a Google Spreadsheet/Fusion Table http://williamparry.blogspot.com.au/2011/04/putting-data-into-google-fusion-tables.htm http://support.google.com/fusiontables/answer/1012281?hl=en&ref_topic=2592806 - +Google Maps APIs allow you to convert an address to map co-ordinates (geocoding) but you must display on a Google Map. The easiest way to do is with a Google Spreadsheet/Fusion Table http://williamparry.blogspot.com.au/2011/04/putting-data-into-google-fusion-tables.htm http://support.google.com/fusiontables/answer/1012281?hl=en&ref_topic=2592806 + +If you need geocoding for more than display (working out the distance between points etc) or you don't want to use Google Maps, Cloudmade offers free OpenStreetMap based geocoding http://developers.cloudmade.com/projects/show/geocoding-http-api ## Analysis @@ -260,6 +249,7 @@ ## Visualisation ### Layar and other augmented reality tools +[Layar](http://www.layar.com/) provides a platform for exploring a dataset by travelling to the actual locations of the data and looking through a smartphone. Custom markers (2D or 3D) seem to float in the air and can be clicked on for more information. You can even trigger an event like playing music when within a certain range of a location. ### Google Fusion Tables/ChartsBin/[OpenHeatMap](http://www.openheatmap.com/) @@ -269,9 +259,8 @@ ### [Cartographer.js](http://cartographer.visualmotive.com/) -[](img/cartographerjs.png)Input data as JSON and maps are produced. -See also d3 maps. - - http://bost.ocks.org/mike/map/ +[](img/cartographerjs.png)Input data as JSON and interactive maps are produced. +You can also try d3 maps: http://bost.ocks.org/mike/map/ ### OpenLayers/Google Maps/[Leaflet](http://leaflet.cloudmade.com/) @@ -279,6 +268,8 @@ [](img/How-to-participate-in-GovHack_html_512fcbe1.jpg)Display points and different layers. Leaflet is the easiest to use if you just want to show points with popups when clicked on. There are wrappers for Google maps like http://hpneo.github.com/gmaps/examples.html and Mapstraction that can make it easier to use too. +If you need to customise the base map, try TileMill. + ### NASA World Wind/Google Earth [](img/How-to-participate-in-GovHack_html_4dda24a4.jpg)Google Earth provides 3\. viewing of KML/GML files which represent points and shapes, both through a desktop application and a web plugin. These can be extended with interactive features that allow you to view by timeline or have animated tours between different points. You can also develop and customise your own viewer with the open source [NASA World Wind toolkit.](http://goworldwind.org/demos/) @@ -289,9 +280,7 @@ ## Wrangling -Converting formats json/xml/csv etc. - - http://shancarter.com/data_converter/ - +Converting between formats like json/xml or csv can be done online with http://shancarter.com/data_converter/ Tabular data may have duplicate entries or incorrect formats (varying ways to enter dates/phonenumbers etc.). There are tools to quickly fix common problems @@ -306,7 +295,7 @@ ### Excel / Google Docs -Great basic analysis and viewing. Older versions can be limited to 6500\. or so rows. Eg [http://www.tcij.org/training-material/car/data-mining/3474](http://www.tcij.org/training-material/car/data-mining/3474) +Great basic analysis and viewing but older versions can be limited to 6500 rows. Eg [http://www.tcij.org/training-material/car/data-mining/3474](http://www.tcij.org/training-material/car/data-mining/3474) http://training.sunlightfoundation.com/module/data-visualizations-google-docs/ @@ -316,18 +305,17 @@ ### R Statistical Language -[](img/rstudio-windows.png)Advanced data analysis, can find and visualise trends in large datasets. Some reference resources to learn the language [http://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/R-intro.html ](http://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/R-intro.html)There are also some addons that provide graphical interfaces that make it easier to use such as Rattle [http://rattle.togaware.com/](http://rattle.togaware.com/) , RStudio [http://rstudio.org/](http://rstudio.org/) or Deducer [http://www.deducer.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Main.DeducerManual](http://www.deducer.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Main.DeducerManual) +[](img/rstudio-windows.png) +R provides a platform for advanced data analysis which can find and visualise trends even in large datasets. Some reference resources to learn the language [http://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/R-intro.html ](http://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/R-intro.html)There are also some addons that provide graphical interfaces that make it easier to use such as Rattle [http://rattle.togaware.com/](http://rattle.togaware.com/) , RStudio [http://rstudio.org/](http://rstudio.org/) or Deducer [http://www.deducer.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Main.DeducerManual](http://www.deducer.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Main.DeducerManual) - http://blog.yhathq.com/posts/10-R-packages-I-wish-I-knew-about-earlier.html - - excel -> R/rattle/ deducer? http://www.r-bloggers.com/updates-to-the-deducer-family-of-packages/ - - http://www.twotorials.com/ for R - http://www.r-bloggers.com/gradient-word-clouds/ http://www.rstudio.com/shiny/ http://blog.ouseful.info/2012/11/28/quick-shiny-demo-exploring-nhs-winter-sit-rep-data/ https://github.com/timelyportfolio/shiny-d3-plot https://github.com/trestletech/shiny-sandbox/tree/master/grn - http://www.r-bloggers.com/video-simpler-tricks-and-tools-help-debugging-git-latex-and-workflow-with-r-by-prof-rob-hyndman/ - http://yihui.name/knitr/ makes reports including google widgets/charts/maps via http://www.r-bloggers.com/googlevis-0-3-2-is-released-better-integration-with-knitr/ - http://chartsnthings.tumblr.com/post/36978271916/r-tutorial-simple-charts http://flowingdata.com/2012/12/17/getting-started-with-charts-in-r/ http://www.r-bloggers.com/to-plot-them-is-my-real-test/ - + http://blog.revolutionanalytics.com/2013/04/visualize-large-data-sets-with-the-bigvis-package.html 10 Million Points in 5 seconds. ## Visualisation @@ -335,9 +323,10 @@ Create visualisations from various data formats by dragging and dropping. Free trial available on website. [](img/Tableau-Screenshot.jpg) -### [Flotr2](http://www.humblesoftware.com/flotr2/)/[Google Chart Tools](https://developers.google.com/chart/) - +### Web page (Javascript) graphs +[Flotr2](http://www.humblesoftware.com/flotr2/)/[Google Chart Tools](https://developers.google.com/chart/) [](img/How-to-participate-in-GovHack_html_m11006fce.jpg)Javascript based charts for webpages. +http://www.polychartjs.com/ Allows facetting and easy use of JSON data sets. ### D3.js (Data-Driven Documents) @@ -356,25 +345,21 @@ ## Wrangling For extracting data from webpages, checkout Scraperwiki pytemplate scrapy -PDFs - http://source.mozillaopennews.org/en-US/articles/introducing-tabula/ for text PDFs or http://www.reporterslab.org/dochive/ for imafges +PDFs - http://source.mozillaopennews.org/en-US/articles/introducing-tabula/ for text PDFs or http://www.reporterslab.org/dochive/ for images (common in scanned document PDFs) If there is no way to form a table structure to be able to apply tabular data techniques , you need a more sophisticated analysis as detailed below. ## Analysing -Natural Language Processing - - opennlp/nltk / https://github.com/clips/pattern +Natural Language Processing libraries like OpenNLP for Java or NLTK / [Pattern](https://github.com/clips/pattern) for Python allow you to extract information from text. +One of the most useful techniques found in these libraries is Named entity recognition which extracts the subjects named in a piece of text. -A search engine just for your dataset can also help - - lucene/solr +A search engine just for your dataset can also help. Tools like Apache Lucene/Solr or ElasticSearch can help you index and search large datasets in new ways. -For light weight analysis, try R or Ruby - - http://www.r-bloggers.com/simple-text-mining-with-r/ - - - http://blog.josephwilk.net/ruby/latent-semantic-analysis-in-ruby.html similar terms usually found together +For light weight analysis, try R or Ruby: http://www.r-bloggers.com/simple-text-mining-with-r/ http://blog.josephwilk.net/ruby/latent-semantic-analysis-in-ruby.html ## Visualising -Make word trees of blocks of text, webpages or twitter account and share them http://www.jasondavies.com/wordtree/ +You can make word trees of blocks of text, webpages or twitter account and share them http://www.jasondavies.com/wordtree/ "Overview automatically sorts thousands of documents into topics and sub-topics, by reading the full text of each one." Simply make a CSV file with two columns, id and text. 10,000 documents is a good limit for the current state of the system. https://www.overviewproject.org/ @@ -383,8 +368,7 @@ # Graph (relationships and networks) Data Tools {#graph-relationships-and-networks-data-tools} - -Why? Find communities, hubs, connections between (the X degrees of separation) +Graph data can be very valuable for finding communities, hubs and connections between entities (the 6 degrees of separation). This is through the techniques of Social Network Analysis. - http://www.slideshare.net/OReillyStrata/visualizing-networks-beyond-the-hairball - http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-554179-622011.html SNA tools catalog - https://github.com/jacomyal/osdc2012-sigmajs-demo sigmajs filtering/searching @@ -399,10 +383,8 @@ ### Graph Databases -[](img/webadmin-data.png)Help understand relationships - how is X connected to Y and via what other entities they both are connected to. Imports and exports - - - http://www.slideshare.net/maxdemarzi/etl-into-neo4j - http://blog.neo4j.org/2013/03/importing-data-into-neo4j-spreadsheet.html +[](img/webadmin-data.png)Help understand relationships - how is X connected to Y and via what other entities they both are connected to. +Imports and exports can be done by [writing a java program](http://www.slideshare.net/maxdemarzi/etl-into-neo4j) or [spreadsheet](http://blog.neo4j.org/2013/03/importing-data-into-neo4j-spreadsheet.html) There are other graph databases worth considering like [OrientDB](http://www.orientdb.org/) or [Titan](http://thinkaurelius.github.com/titan/) Major graph databases like these can be accessed using a common syntax called Gremlin or by writing a simple Java/Python/Ruby application. Queries can be tested in the built in data browser. @@ -415,17 +397,19 @@ NetworkX is a social network analysis library for python. Many advanced analyses built in like finding communities within a graph. Also good for converting data into graphs. -tutorial/intro http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~cm542/teaching/2011/stna-pdfs/stna-lecture11.pdf +See this [introduction to Social Network Analysis with NetworkX](http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~cm542/teaching/2011/stna-pdfs/stna-lecture11.pdf) ## Visualisation ### Tree/Hierarchy visualisation -Sometimes what you actually have is a tree/hierarchy with no interconnections. - http://www.randelshofer.ch/treeviz/ http://thejit.org/demos/ http://mbostock.github.com/protovis/ex/treemap.html http://blog.pixelingene.com/2011/07/building-a-tree-diagram-in-d3-js/d3 for Trees and Hierarchies - http://mbostock.github.com/d3/ex/pack.html http://mbostock.github.com/d3/ex/tree.html +Sometimes when you analyse a network what you actually have is a tree/hierarchy with no interconnections. +In these cases, it's faster and more visually effective to use a Tree visualisation. +You can run [TreeViz](http://www.randelshofer.ch/treeviz/) locally or use [d3 on a website](http://bl.ocks.org/mbostock/4063550), [step by step instructions for creating tree data for d3](http://blog.pixelingene.com/2011/07/building-a-tree-diagram-in-d3-js/) +d3 also includes [treemaps - bubbles inside bubbles](http://bl.ocks.org/mbostock/4063530) ### NodeXL for Microsoft Excel - - http://nodexl.codeplex.com/ network graphs for excel +[](img/ExcelWindow.png) + [NodeXL](http://nodexl.codeplex.com/) allows you to visualise networks/graphs quickly inside Excel. ### [Graphviz](http://www.graphviz.org/) @@ -437,5 +421,5 @@ ### [sigma.js](http://sigmajs.org/) -[](img/How-to-participate-in-GovHack_html_m6006eaf3.jpg)Javascript graph viewer, can use GEXF files exported from tools like neo4j, gephi and NetworkX. - +[](img/How-to-participate-in-GovHack_html_m6006eaf3.jpg)Javascript graph viewer for displaying graphs on webpages without any other plugins/applications required. It can use GEXF files exported from tools like neo4j, gephi or NetworkX. +